9. estimate: form judgments about; calculate (the loss, value, size, etc.)
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡She made plans and estimated means and resources.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I asked three building fi rms to estimate for the repairs to the roof.
10. category: division or class in a complete system or grouping
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Helen groups all people into two categories: those she likes and those she dislikes.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This book falls into the category of reference book.
11. rally: (cause to) come or bring together for a purpose
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To rally people is to bring them together for a great united effort.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The whole nation rallied to help the government with the war.
12. recruit: get somebody to do something
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The wartime government fi rst recruited men (into the force) from nonessential industries.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The coach recruited nine boys for the baseball team.
13. symbol:a sign, shape, image, or object which represents a person, idea, value, etc.
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The lion is often used as a symbol of courage.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The dove is the symbol of peace.
14. stimulate: make ... more active or alert
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He was stimulated into greater efforts.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Praise stimulated the child to study hard.
15. make a / the difference:: see or show (two things) to be different
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If you do so, it will make a great difference.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The extra money would have made all the difference.
16. motivate: provide someone with a reason or cause for doing something
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He was motivated only by his wish to help, and expected nothing in return.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡These children just sit around all day doing nothing; they need something to motivate them.
17. concerning: about; with regard to
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He wrote to me concerning a business arrangement.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This is, I believe, all the news concerning the society.
18. abuse: wrong use; bad or cruel treatment
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Here are some recent abuses of the word.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Child abuse is a punishable offence.
19. adopt: take (an idea, custom, etc.) and use
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I like your methods of teaching and shall adopt them in my school.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Congress adopted the new measures.
20. speak for: express the thoughts, opinions, etc. of ...
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Speaking for myself, I fi nd the housing quite satisfactory.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He is old enough to speak for himself.
21. approximately: very near (to); very nearly
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Approximately 50 people attended the lecture.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It is approximately ten o¡¯clock.
22. pledge: a solemn promise or agreement
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He was under pledge to spend the money in the best way.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He gave a pledge to handle the affair in a friendly manner.
23. grief: great sorrow or feelings of suffering
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡She went nearly mad with grief after the child died.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡No one could console them in their grief.
24. threaten: warn to hurt, kill or punish somebody
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The whole nation is threatened with starvation.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The war threatened the peace of the whole world.
25. decline: going from a better to a worse position, or from higher to lower
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Our business has gone into a decline this year.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡There is a sharp decline in sports in our town.
26. distribute: divide among several or many
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The teacher distributed the examination papers to the class.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He distributed the prizes among the winners.
27. inform: tell; give information to
Examples:
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I informed him (about) where to go.
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He would like to be informed of any new developments.
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